Injection devices



Feb. 5, 1963 P. DHENEIN INJECTION DEVICES Filed oct. 12, Iseo United States Patent C) Claims priority, application France June 21, 1960 2 Claims. (Cl. 266--41) This invention relates in general to injection nozzles and has specific reference to a device for injecting fuel or any other liquid or fluidized, pulverulent or similar substance nto enclosures in which a relatively high temperature is maintained, for example in hot-blast tuyeres of blast-furnaces.

It is known that conventionalburners and atomizers or nozzles do not extend deeply inside the combustion chamber equipped therewith, and that the problem of cooling these devices, particularly their inner nozzle, is not very difcult.

However, when it is desired to cause an injection device to project deeply, for example more than 20 and notably nearly 80 as in the case of blast-furnaces, inside an enclosure in which a high temperature is maintained, serious diiliculties are encountered.

Firstly, the nozzle or innermost end of the burner or tuyere cannot be properly cooled (the slightest break in the supply of carrier and cooling fluid, whether gas or vapour, involves serious consequences), the fuel undergoes a certain amount of cracking, the solid product resulting from this cracking clogs the tuyere nozzle and this failure, while being already extremely detrimental per se due to the resulting stoppage, is further aggravated by other complications characterizing the hitherto used devices, which are set forth hereafter:

(a) These devices are not designed to permit the rapid and easy replacement of the clogged part (jet, atomizing chamber, fuel Afeed duct). The complete injection pipe assembly must be removed and replaced and this, notably when-these parts are mountedV in blast-furnace tuyeres, involves the dismantling of the jet support or socket and therefore the blast stoppage during the repair works.

y(b) On the other hand, if only the end of the jet is clogged, thus allowing the fuel to mix with the carrier lluid in the atomizing chamber thus separated from the outside, the fluid having the highest pressure ows back into the circuit of the other Huid.

Under these conditions, the fuel may invade the network of carrier gas (compressed air, steam, etc.) or the carrier gas may force the fuel back to its supply tank and escape therefrom, with all the extremely serious consequences likely to arise in this case.

It is the essential object of the present invention to avoid these various inconveniences by providing an injector device of the type comprising an inner duct or tube connected with the source of the substance to be injected, and another duct or tube surrounding the rst one and adapted to carry the fluid for cooling and projecting the aforesaid substance. The device according to this invention is remarkable notably in that itycomprises a support or socket-forming piece disposed externally of the aforesaid enclosure and acting on the one hand as a means for mounting the jets through which the projection uid and the substance to be injected are introduced, and on the other hand as a means for assembling and mounting the ends of said ducts or tubes. t .t

According to another feature of this invention, the outlet orices of the two ducts or tubes in the aforesaid enclosure aresubstantially coplanar. i

According to a further feature characterizing this invention there 'is disposed between the two ducts at least one centering perforated member whereby said ducts may ICC slide for example in smooth frictional engagement in each other for properly positioning them.

It is a further feature of this invention to constrict the front end of the outer duct on the inner duct to form a nozzle having tapered and convergent inner walls.

This invention also contemplates providing the outer duct with` acentering and positioning member tting for example in the blast nozzle of the blast-furnace.

The considerable advantages arising from the device of this invention will be readily apparent to anybody conversant withthe art. Firstly, the complete device is in the form of .a single unit `adapted to be mounted from the outside through the walls of the enclosure in which the injection is to be effected. Thus, for example, in

the case of a blast-furnace the injector assembly forming a kind of pipe is simply fitted in the walls of the blast nozzle. Y

It will be noted that when it is desired to carry out repairs or clean the device, it is not necessary to dismantle the outer duct since the inner duct can be removed very easily through the support-forming member. Thus, it is not necessary to stop the operation or effect more complicated dismantling steps.

Moreover, in case one or both of the outlet orifices of the two innerA and outer ducts were clogged, it is not possible that one of the fluids penetrates into the circuit of the other fluid, since these ducts have substantially the same length and ope-n into a. common plane.

Other features and advantages of this invention will appear as the following description proceeds with reference to the accompanying drawing illustrating diagrammatically by way of example a typical form of embodiment of the invention. In the drawings:

FIGURE l is a longitudinal axial section of a device constructed according to the teachings of this invention;

FIGURE 2 is a section taken across the line II-II of FIG. l;

FIGURE 3 is another longitudinal axial section showing on a smaller scale the mounting of adevice of this invention in a blast-furnace, and

FIGURE 4 is a section taken across the line IV-IV of FIG. 3.

In the form of embodiment illustrated the injector device of this invention comprises an inner duct or tube 1 opening into any enclosure in which a high temperature is maintained, this inner duct or tube being secured by its oppositeend in a support-forming element or socket 2. If desired, this inner duct may be mounted by means of an intermediate tubular piece 3 fitting in a bore 4 formed in the support or socket 2. If desired, the tubular connecting piece 3 may be formed with an integral flange 5 tting on a ange 6 rigid with the inlet or feed pipe 7 for the substance to be projected into the enclosure.

At its free end the tube 1 may be formed with a jet orice 8.

The tube 1 is housed within an outer duct or tube 9` of which the free end constitutes a narrower or tapered nozzle 10 converging toward the end of the inner duct. Thus, a kind of annular-sectioned nozzle having tapered and convergent inner walls is formed.

The opposite end of the outer duct is secured in a bore 12 of the support-forming element or socket 2. This bore has a perpendicular orifice 13 having tted therein the delivery end of a pipe 14 supplying the injector with cooling and projection fluid.

Disposed between the two ducts or tubes 1 and 9 is a centering piece 15 for example of cylindrical configuration which is formed with passages 16 (see also FIG. 2) opening into a central aperture of the piece and separated by radial partitions 17. The ends of these radial partitions 17 are in frictional contact with the inner tube or duct 9. Upstream, that is, at 18, the centering piece 15 is bevelled to form a kind of funnel 18. Of course, several centering pieces of this type may be aligned internally of the outer tube 9. Their number depends of course on the length of the injection pipe thus formed.

The jet issuing from the pipe of this invention is shown only very diagrammatically in FIG. 1 in the form of two thick lines 19, 20, intersecting each other at 21, and of broken lines 22. Due to the convergent shape of the end 1.0 of tube 9, the carrier or projection gas (which may be itself a fuel, a combustion-assisting gas or an inert gas) gushes out from the tube end in the form of a conical convergent beam which becomes divergent after 21. It will be noted that the fuel, even if it is not atomized, which is delivered from the tube 1 is carried along by the jet of carrier gas and atomized outside the injector.

It is clear that in case of failure the inner pipe 1 can be removed for repair or replacement without any difficulty. The repaired or new piece is replaced automatically, due notably to the centering piece 15.

In FIGS. 3 and 4 there is shown the use of an injector device according to this invention in the case of a blastfurnace. The reference numeral 23 designates the blast nozzle through which a hot blast is introduced in the direction of the arrow F.

The mounting of the injector of this invention is extremely simple. For the sake of constructional simplicity the outer tube 9 is provided with radial blades or fins 24, 25 and 26 (see FIG. 4) secured on the outer tube as a function of the length of the nozzle 23. Of course, these blades or lins may be secured in any suitable and desired manner on the outer walls of tube 9. Their shape and dimensions depend of course on the position to be given to the injection pipe inside said nozzle.

Although the present invention has been described in conjunction with a preferred embodiment, it is to be understood that modifications and variations may be resorted to without departing from the spirit and scope of the invention, as those skilled in the art will readily understand. Such modifications `and variations are considered to be within the purviews and scope of the invention and appended claims.

What I claim is:

1. Device for injecting fuel and other liquid and pulverulent substances into enclosures wherein high temperatures are prevailing, such as blast-furnaces and the like, comprising at least one inner duct-means with an outlet, lirst supply means for said substances to be injected connected to said duct-means, at least one outer tube provided for carrying a uid intended to project said substance to be injected, said outer tube surrounding said duct-means, and being provided with a nozzle having conical inner walls converging toward the outlet of said inner ductmeans whereby said fluid is carried to gush out in the form of a conical convergent beam, said nozzle having an outlet substantially coplanar with the outlet of said inner duct-means, both outlets opening in the free air, second supply means for said fluid, said supply means being connected to said outer tube, a supporting means situated at the end of said tube and duct opposite said outlets, means for securing to -said supporting means said outer tube and said second supply means for slidably mounting on said supporting means said duct and said rst supply means, the said supporting means with the duct, tube and -supply means forming an independant complete unit.

2. Device according to claim 1 comprising at least one centering perforated element inserted between said duct and tube affording a relative sliding thereof with a smooth frictional contact, said element being hollowed to a funnel configuration on its upstream side and being provided with channels located concentrically around the longitudinal axis of said duct and tube and opened towards the said axis.

References Cited in the tile of this patent UNITED STATES PATENTS 199,134 Witherbee Jan. 8, 1878 370,251 Field Sept. 20, 1887 1,629,045 Parker May 17, 1927 1,729,447 McKee sept. 24, 1929 2,338,623 Crowe Ian. 4, 1944 2,446,511 Kerry et al Aug. 3, 1948 2,829,960 Vogt Apr. 8, 1958 

1. DEVICE FOR INJECTING FUEL AND OTHER LIQUID AND PULVERULENT SUBSTANCES INTO ENCLOSURES WHEREIN HIGH TEMPERATURES ARE PREVAILING, SUCH AS BLAST-FURNACES AND THE LIKE, COMPRISING AT LEAST ONE INNER DUCT-MEANS WITH AN OUTLET, FIRST SUPPLY MEANS FOR SAID SUBSTANCES TO BE INJECTED CONNECTED TO SAID DUCT-MEANS, AT LEAST ONE OUTER TUBE PROVIDED FOR CARRYING A FLUID INTENDED TO PROJECT SAID SUBSTANCE TO BE INJECTED, SAID OUTER TUBE SURROUNDING SAID DUCT-MEANS, AND BEING PROVIDED WITH A NOZZLE HAVING CONICAL INNER WALLS CONVERGING TOWARD THE OUTLET OF SAID INNER DUCTMEANS WHEREBY SAID FLUID IS CARRIED TO GUSH OUT IN THE FORM OF A CONICAL CONVERGENT BEAM, SAID NOZZLE HAVING AN OUTLET SUBSTANTIALLY COPLANAR WITH THE OUTLET OF SAID INNER DUCT-MEANS, BOTH OUTLETS OPENING IN THE FREE AIR, SECOND SUPPLY MEANS FOR SAID FLUID, SAID SUPPLY MEANS BEING CONNECTED TO SAID OUTER TUBE, A SUPPORTING MEANS SITUATED AT THE END OF SAID TUBE AND DUCT OPPOSITE SAID OUTLETS, MEANS FOR SECURING TO SAID SUPPORTING MEANS SAID OUTER TUBE AND SAID SECOND SUPPLY MEANS FOR SLIDABLY MOUNTING ON SAID SUPPORTING MEANS SAID DUCT AND SAID FIRST SUPPLY MEANS, THE SAID SUPPORTING MEANS WITH THE DUCT, TUBE AND SUPPLY MEANS FORMING AN INDEPENDANT COMPLETE UNIT. 